Founding dates of fraternal organizations (including benefit societies) and organizational initials acronyms and abbreviations that may be found on exonumia and jewelry.
AEOS Ancient Egyptian Order of Sciots, founded 1890
AHOGK Ancient and Heroic Order of the Gordian Knot, c.1964?
AMOS Ancient Mystic Order of Samaritans, founded 1924
AMORC Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis, founded 1915
AOF Ancient Order of Foresters, founded in 1882
AOH Ancient Order of Hibernians, founded 1836
AOKMC Ancient Order Of Knights of Mystic Circle, founded 1861
AOUW Ancient Order Of United Workmen, founded 1868
ALOH American Legion of Honor, founded 1878
AS Aurum Solis, founded 1897
BPOE Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, founded 1868
BPOEW Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks of the World, founded c. 1897
CK of A Catholic Knights of America, founded 1877
DOKK Dramatic Order Knights of Khorassan, founded 1894
ECV E Clampus Vitus, founded c. 1849 and revitalized in 1931
FOE Fraternal Order of Eagles, founded 1898
GAR Grand Army of the Republic, founded 1866
GUO of OF Grand United Order of Odd Fellows, founded 1843
IOI Independent Order of Immaculates, founded 1872
IOA International Order of the Alhambra, founded 1904
IOH Improved Order Heptasophs, founded 1878 (Dedicated to the virtues of Fraternity,
Truth, Wisdom; motto, Experientia Docet, which translates
"experience teaches." Reference exists to the Heptasophs celebrating an
anniversary at Woodward's Gardens (no longer extant) in San Francisco.)
IOKP Improved Order of Knights of Pythias, founded 1895
IOOF Independent Order of Odd Fellows, founded 1819
IORM Improved Order of Red Men, founded 1834
IO of GT International Organization of Good Templars, founded 1851 (A lodge of Good
Templars was organized May 1908 in the City of San Rafael, and met at the Red Men's Hall.)
IDES Irmandade do Divono Espirito Santo, founded 1889
JOAUW Junior Order-Ancient Order of United Workmen, founded 1868
JOUAM Junior Order-Order of United American Mechanics, founded 1853
KAEO Knights of the Ancient Essenic Order, founded c.1880's
KGH Knights of the Golden Horn, founded 1872
KGL Knight Grand Legion
KM Knights Militant
KC or K of C Knights of Columbus, founded 1882
K of E Knights of Equity, founded 1895 (Degrees of the Knights of Equity are the Hall of
Emania (1°), its emblem is the scales of justice; Hall of Cruchan (2°), its emblem the
red hand of Ulster of the O'Niell clan; Hall of Kincora (3°), its emblem is the Celtic
Cross; Hall of Tara (4°), its emblem is the shamrock.)
K of L Knights of Liberty, founded circa. 1920
K of L Knights of Luther, founded 1912
KMC Knights of the (Ancient Order of the) Mystic Chain, founded 1887
KPC Knights of Peter Claver, founded 1909
KP or K of P Knights of Pythias, founded 1864
KRA Knights of the Royal Arch, a Lodge was organized in the City of San Rafael in January
1909
KT Knight Templar, The first appearance of the Masonic KT degree was c. 1740
K of T Knights of Tabor, founded 1846
KGE Knights of Golden Eagle, founded 1872
KOTGR (K.G.R.) Knights Of The Golden Rule, founded c. 1880's
KOTM Knights of Maccabees, founded 1878
KSP Modern Knights of St. Paul, founded 1917
KSF Knights of Sherwood Forest
LK of A Loyal Knights of America, founded 1890
MOLLUS Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States
MOVPER Mystic Order Veiled Prophets of the Enchanted Realm (Grotto), founded 1890
MRA Royal Arcanum, founded 1877
MWA Modern Woodsmen of America, founded 1883
NHA National Haymakers' Association, founded 1879
OES Order of the Eastern Star, founded 1850
OOH Oriental Order of Humility was criticized as a "side degree" for Odd Fellows
as being "indecent and contrary to good morals, certainly of an unbecoming and
discreditable character" by the Grand Sire of Odd Fellows July 5, 1870
OOH& P Oriental Order of Humility and Perfection, was a group founded c.1880 for Odd
Fellows whose motto was "We Never Sleep." The ritual was based on the legend of
Xerxes, King of Persia who succeeded his father Darius in 485 BC. In 1924 In 1924 the
O.O.H. & P. was amalgamated into the Ancient Mystic Order of Samaritans (A.M.O.S.)
along with several other Odd Fellows clubs and side degrees.
OUAM Order of United American Mechanics, founded in 1845 as the Union of Workers and was
later absorbed by its progeny, the Junior Order of United Mechanics which it had founded
in 1853
OTO Ordo Templi Orientis, founded 1906 (A OTO Camp was started in Mill Valley in 1997 and
quickly grew to Oasis size by 1998. It has yet to reach Lodge strength. The OTO Oasis,
known as Mons Abiegnus Oasis, meets at the Mill Valley Masonic Center in Mill Valley.)
O.O.O. Order of Owls, founded 1904
OofO Order of Owls, founded in early 1920's
PM Patriarchs Militant (Independent Order of Odd Fellows), circa 1870's
POSA Patriotic Order of the Sons of America, founded 1847, resuscitated in 1868
RAOB Royal Antediluvian Order of Buffalo, founded 1822
RAM Royal Arch Masonry, degree worked c. 1765
SES Sociedade do Espirito Santo, founded 1895
SRA Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia, founded 1867
SRICF Societas Rosicruciana in Civitatibus Foederatis, chartered c. 1879
TBH Tribe of Ben-Hur, founded 1894
UM or APUMEC União Medeirense a.k.a. Associação Protectora União Madeirense do Estado
da California, founded 1913
UOH United Order of Honor,
UPEC União Portuguesa Do Estado da California, founded 1880
UPPEC União Portuguesa Protectora Do Estado da California, founded 1901
Bibliography of Works Consulted
General Reference
American Local History Network, Inc.™ (ALHN), a nonprofit historical and genealogical Safe-Site providing
a central point of entry to independent web sites with historical or genealogical content. See,ALHN National Page
and
ALHN Topics Page
Cyclopaedia of Fraternities, Albert C. Stevens (Hamilton Printing & Publishing Co., N.Y.: 1896)
The International Encyclopedia of Secret Societies and Fraternal Orders, Alan Axelrod (Facts on File, Inc., N.Y.: 1997)
Secret Ritual and Manhood in Victorian America, Mark C. Carnes (Yale University Press, CT, 1989)
Constructing Brotherhood: Class, Gender, and Fraternalism, Mary Ann Clawson (Princeton University Press, 1989)
From Mutual Aid to the Welfare State: Fraternal Societies and Social Services, 1890-1967, David T. Beito (University of North Carolina Press, 2000)
"Farewell to the Lodge," American Demographics, Vol. 18, No. 1, Dan Fost, at page 40 (January 1996)The Theosophical Enlightenment, Joscelyn Godwin SUNY Press, 1994)
The Masters Revealed: Madame Blavatsky and the Myth of the Great White Lodge, Paul Johnson (SUNY Press, 1994)
The Rosicrucian Fraternity in America: Authentic and Spurious Organizations, R. Swinburne Clymer, in 2 vols. (The Rosicrucian Foundation, Quakertown, PN, 1929) Nb. Discusses the Ordo Templi Orientis and Crowley and AMORC and Lewis.
The Philosophy of Magic, Arthur Versluis (Arkana,1986)
A History of Magic, Richard Cavendish (Arkana, 1990)
Freemasonry
History of Freemasonry and Concordant Orders, Henry Leonard Stillson, ed. in chief (Fraternity Publishing Co, Boston, New York, London, 1892)
Revolutionary Brotherhood: Freemasonry and the Transformation of the American Social Order, 1730-1840, Steven C. Bullock (University of No. Carolina Press, 1996)
The Origins of Freemasonry; Scotlands Century 1590-171O, David Stevenson (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1988)
The Mythology of Secret Societies, John M. Roberts (Paladin, G.B., 1974)
The Symbols of Freemasonry, Daniel Béresniak, photographs by Laziz Hamani, trans. Ian Monk (Editions Assouline, Paris, France, 1997)
The Way of the Craftsman: A Search for the Spirital Essence of Craft Freemasonry, W. Kirk MacNulty (Penguin Arkana, 1988)
Freemasonry: A Journey through Ritual and Symbolism, W. Kirk MacNulty (Thames and Hudson, 1991)
The Art and Architecture of Freemasonry, James Stevens Curl (Overlook, 1993)
"From Lodge Room to Theatre: Meeting Spaces of the Scottish Rite," Theatre of the Fraternity, William D. Moore, pp. 48-49 (University Press of Mississippi, 1996).
"The Use and Misuse of History," Proceedings California Masonic Symposium, Paul Rich, Ph.D., University of the Americas-Puebla/Hoover Institution, Stanford University, pp. 12-13 (Institute for Masonic Studies and the Committee on Masonic Education, 2001).
The History of the Imperial Council Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America: 1872-1921, William B. Melish, Preston Belvin, James McGee, George S. Meredith, and Fred C. Schramm, 2nd ed. (Cincinnati, OH, 1921)
A Short History of the Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, International Shrine Headquarters (Tampa, FL, 1998)
Ritual of the Ancient and Heroic Order of the Gordian Knot, Supreme Grand Synod (1964)
Ritual Order of the Knights of Pythagoras, International Supreme Council Order of the Knights of Pythagoras (South Carolina)
Ritual for the Sunbeam Fraternity for Boys and Girls: An Exhaulted Degree for the Youth Department, Order of Eastern Star, Ada C. LaPrade and E.T. Brown (Grand Chapter OES of Tennessee, 1926)
Independent Order of Odd Fellows
Oddfellows Manual and Textbook: An Elucidation of the Theory of Odd-Fellowship Embracing a Detail of the Order in All Its Branches, Paschal Donaldson, rev. 1878 (Moss & Company, 1878)
The History and Manual of Odd Fellowship, Theo. A. Ross (M.W. Hazen Co., N.Y., 1902)
The Red Blood of Odd Fellowship, Elvin J. Curry (Press of Fleet-McGinley Co., Baltimore, MD 1903)
Six Links of Fellowship: Sovereign Grand Lodge Sessions in California, Frank S. Christy and Donald R. Smith (Linden Publications, Linden, CA, 1995)
California Odd Fellowship, Linden Publications (Linden, CA, 1988)
Directory of Officers and Members Harmony Lodge No. 13, Concordia Lodge No. 122, Walhalla Encampment No. 7, I.O.O.F., ed. by C.A. Ketels (1927)
The Odd Fellows Pocket Companion: A Correct Guide in all Matters Relating to Odd Fellowship, Paschal Donaldson (R.W. Carroll & Co. Cincinnati, Ohio, 1874)
The Brotherhood: Being a Presentation of the Principles of Odd-Fellowship with a Brief History of Bible Men and Women, who Developed in their Several Lives, the Principles that have been adopted by the Fraternity, Rev. Thomas G. Beharrell (Brotherhood Publishing Co., Indianapolis, Ind.: 1875)
Five Standard Rituals: Odd Fellowship Illustrated; Knights of Pythias Illustrated; Good Templarism Illustrated; Exposition of the Grange; Ritual of the Grand Army of the Republic, Ezra A. Cook, Publishers, Chicago, IL, 1880)
Forget It Not: A Book Consisting of the Initiatory and the Three Subordinate Lodge Degrees, annon. (Bullis & Holden, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, 1929)
Revised Odd-Fellowship Illustrated: The Complete Revised Ritual of the Lodge, Encampment and Rebekah Degree, J. Blanchard, 47th Ed., (Ezra A. Cook, Publisher, Chicago, IL, 1930)
Forms and Ceremonies of the Degree of Patriarchs Militant Degree, IOOF, Sovereign Grand Lodge of the IOOF, rev. ed. (Sovereign Grand Lodge of the IOOF, Baltimore, 1914)
Ceremonies for Instituting, Opening and Closing Grand Lodges and for the Installation of Grand Lodges; also for Instituting Subordinate Lodges as Prescribed by the Sovereign Grand Lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Sovereign Grand Lodge, IOOF (Baltimore, 1902)
Ritual of Theta Rho Girls' Club Under the Jurisdiction of the Sovereign Grand Lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Sovereign Grand Lodge (rev. 1968)
IOOF Emblematic Charts - Lithographs
Our Motto by J.W. Dorrington Published by Frank W. Parkhurst & Co., Boston, MA G.H. Buek & Co., NY
From Jerusalem to Jericho, The Pettibone Bros. Mfg. Co.
Knights of Pythias & Pythian Sisters
The Knights Armor: A History of the Early Origin of the Order of Knights of Pythias and Review of its Principles, H.K. Shackleford, Esq. (J.H. Benham & Sons, New Haven, CN, 1869)
History of the Knights of Pythias, Joseph D. Weeks (Jos. D. Weeks and Company, Pittsburgh, PA, 1872)
Knights of Pythias Complete Manual and Textbook, John Van Valkenburg (Philadelphia, Moss & Co., 1878)
A History of the Order of Knights of Pythias in Indiana with the Story of Damon and Pythias, Frank Bowers (Carlon & Hollenbeck, Indianapolis, IN, 1885)
The Jewels of Pythian Knighthood, John Van Valkenburg (The Pettibone Mfg. Co., Fraternity Publishers, Cincinnati, OH, 1890)
Pythian Knighthood: Its History and Literature, James R. Carnahan, M.A. (The Pettibone Mfg. Co. Fraternity Publishers, Cincinnati, 1892)
History of the Order of Knights of Pythias for the Jurisdiction of Cleveland, Ohio, Frank Dowd (Williams Publishing Co., Cleveland, OH: 1892)
Secret Ritual of the Pythian Knighthood, James R. Carnahan (Kissinger reprint of c. 1892 book, Pythian Knighthood: Its History and Literature)
Pythian History: The Birth and Progress of the Order, William D. Kennedy (Pythian Publishing Co., Chicago, 1904)
Fourteen Decades of Brotherhood, Michael W. Carr (pub. By the author, c. 1996/7)
The Official Pythian Lodge Directory - 1902, Hugh H. Richardson (Jacksonville, FL, 1902)
The Official Pythian Lodge Directory - 1928, Supreme Lodge Knights of Pythias (Minneapolis, MN, 1929)
The Official Pythian Lodge Directory - 1931, Supreme Lodge Knights of Pythias (Minneapolis, MN, 1931)
Talks on Pythianism, Rev. S.L. Harris, introduction by Hon. Hamilton Douglas (Converse & Wing Publishing Co., Atlanta, GA, 1908)
Man, My Brother: The Broader Fraternalism - Fraternal Addresses, George M Hanson (KofP), John B. Cockrum (IOOF), George B. Griggs (IROM) (Fraternal Publishing Co., Houston, TX, 1912)
Happiness, Frederick S. Attwood (Murphy-Travis Co., Minneapolis, MN, 1923)
The Story of Damon and Pythias, Albert Payson Terhune (Grosset and Dunlap Publishers, N.Y.: 1915)
Revised and Illustrated Ritual for Subordinate Lodges of Knights of Pythias, Adopted by the Supreme Lodge 1878 (Ezra A. Cook, Chicago, ILL, 1878)
Revised and Illustrated Ritual for Subordinate Lodges of Knights of Pythias, Adopted by the Supreme Lodge Aug. 29th, 1892 (Ezra A. Cook, Chicago, ILL, 1895)
Knights of Pythias Ritual for Subordinate Lodges, 1966 Rev., Supreme Lodge (Second Printing 1968)
Manual of Instructions for the Conduct and Guidance of Subordinate Lodges Knights of Pythias, Supreme Lodge Extension and Educational Commission (1939)
Ritual for Grand Lodges of Knights of Pythias, Supreme Lodge (1894)
Revised Ritual and Installation Work for Divisions of the Uniform Rank, Supreme Lodge (St. Louis, MO, 1886)
Tactics and Manual for the Uniform Rank Knights of Pythias, Maj.-Gen James R. Carnahan, M.A. 4th Ed. (The Pettibone Mfg. Co., Cincinnati, 1889)
Ritual of the Dramatic Order Knights of Khorassan, Imperial Palace (1958)
Knights of Pythias Music Book: Odes and Marches of the Order of the Knights of Pythias, Supreme Lodge (Brandon - Nashville, c. 1880)
Pythian Service Book, Supreme Lodge (Brandon Printing Co., Nashville, TN, 1895) (includes Funeral Service, Memorial Service, Decoration Day Service for Memorial Day, Dedicatory Ceremony for new Pythian Castles)
Spicers Floor Work: A Manual for Knights of Pythias Drill Teams, W.F. Spicer (The Ward-Stilson Co., New London, OH, 1909)
History of the Order of Pythian Sisters, Ida M. Jayne-Weaver and Emma D. Wood (Peters Publishing Co., Seattle, WA, 1925)
Book of Forms for the Floor Work: Order of Pythian Sisters, Supreme Temple, Pythian Sisters (1932)
Ceremonial Book for Local Chapters of Junior Order Knights of Pythias [Pi Delta Pi] Including Constitution and Statutes, Board of Governors Junior Order Knights of Pythias (1968, 1989 reprint)
Supreme Lodge Knights of Pythias Catalogue of Official Supplies, Supreme Lodge (1948) includes an insert from the C.E. Ward Company of New London, OH for "Pluto Degree Equipment," including, inter alia, Mephisto style costume, costumes for the "Masked Knight" cauldrons, tridents, and lycopodium flash torches.
K of P Emblematic Charts - Lithographs
The Heros Damon and Pythias, large heads surrounded by emblematic vignettes from Rank Work of the Order, c. 1880's.
Members Record, copyrighted by J.M. Vickers Co., Terre Haute, IN, 1888
The Alter of True Pythianism, c. 1900
Past Chancellors Emblematic Certificate, Otto A. Helrich, Ind. & Del. 1908, completed for George Bailey, Webster Lodge No. 14, KofP Boston
Members Record, copyrighted by Joseph Adams, 1910
Druids
A Condensed History of the Druidic Order of California - 1859 to 1934, compiled by C.A. Guglielmoni (The Recorder Printing and Publishing Co., San Francisco, CA, 1934)
Journal of Proceedings of the 67th Annual Session of the Grand Grove of the United Ancient Order of Druids of California (Walter N. Brunt Press, San Francisco, 1931)
The Druids, Stuart Piggott (Thames & Hudson, 1985)
Regulations for the Installation of Officers and Conducting Business Together with the Form of Initiation for the use of Subordinate Groves under the Authority of the Grand Grove of the United States of the United Ancient Order of Druids, Grand Grove (John Boyle, Printer, Philadelphia, 1859)
Ritual of the Subordinate Circles of the Grand Circle of California, United Ancient Order of Druids, Grand Circle (Dolores Press, San Francisco, CA 1958)
The Opening and Closing Ceremonies, Initiatory Charges, Installation Lectures, etc., of the Chapters of the United Ancient Order of Druids, Supreme Grove, (Albany, N.Y.: 1888). One copy is in German and one copy is in English.
Improved Order of Red Men
Official History of the Improved Order of Red Men, George W. Lindsay, Charles C. Conley, Charles H. Litchman, ed. by Charles H. Litchman (The Fraternity Publishing Co., Boston, Mass, GSD 402 = 1893)
Record of the Fifty-Second Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (Santa Cruz, CA, 1918)
Record of the Fifty-Third Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (San Jose, CA, 1919)
Record of the Fifty-Fourth Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (Santa Rosa, CA 1920)
Record of the Fifty-Sixth Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (San Francisco, CA 1922)
Record of the Fifty-Seventh Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (Nevada City, CA 1923)
Record of the Fifty-Eighth Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (Santa Cruz, CA 1924)
Record of the Fifty-Ninth Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (San Luis Obispo, CA 1925)
Record of the Sixty-Third Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (Oakland, CA 1929)
Record of the Sixty-Fifth Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (Monterey, CA 1931)
Record of the Sixty-Sixth Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (Santa Rosa, CA 1932)
Record of the Sixty-Seventh Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (Modesto, CA 1933)
Record of the Seventieth Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (Red Bluff, CA 1936)
Record of the Seventy-Sixth Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (Watsonville, CA 1942)
Record of the Seventy-Seventh Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (San Francisco, CA 1943)
Record of the Seventy-Ninth Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (San Francisco, CA 1945)
Record of the Eightieth Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (Long Beach, CA 1946)
Record of the Eighty-First Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (San Jose, CA 1947)
Record of the Eighty-Second Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (Long Beach, CA 1948)
Record of the Eighty-Fourth Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (San Jose, CA 1950)
Record of the Eighty-Sixth Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (Long Beach, CA 1952)
Record of the Eighty-Seventh Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (San Jose, CA 1953)
Record of the Eighty-Eighth Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (Stockton, CA 1954)
Record of the Eighty-Ninth Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (Long Beach, CA 1955)
Record of the Ninetieth Great Sun Session of the Great Council of California Improved Order of Red Men (Sacramento, CA 1956)
Ritualistic Ceremonies - Great Council of the United States of the Improved Order of Red Men for Tribes of the Order, Great Council of the United States, (G.S.D. 445 i.e. 1937)
Forms for Great Chiefs of Great Councils of the Improved Order of Red Men, Adopted by the Great Council of the United States of the Improved Order of Red Men. Printed by authority of the Great Council of the Unites States (G.S.D. 412, i.e. Great Sun of Discovery 1904)
One Degree Ritual For Tribes of the Improved Order of Red Men, Approved for optional use when dispensation has been granted by the Great Sachem of a State (G.S.D. 439, i.e. Great Sun of Discovery 1931)
Ritual of the Haymakers Degree of the Improved Order of Red Men, National Haymakers (Berger Brothers Printers, Phil., PA, 1901)
Adoption Degree Floor Work: Degree of Pocahontas, Improved Order of Red Men (1958)
Improved Order of Red Men Emblematic Charts
Members Record depicting vignettes from the various degrees
Patrons of Husbandry a.k.a. Grange
Manual of Subordinate Granges of the Patrons of Husbandry, National Grange, 10th ed. (George S. Ferguson, Co., Philadelphia, PA, 1917)
Five Standard Rituals: Odd Fellowship Illustrated; Knights of Pythias Illustrated; Good Templarism Illustrated; Exposition of the Grange; Ritual of the Grand Army of the Republic, Ezra A. Cook, Publishers, Chicago, IL, 1880)
Knights of the Golden Eagle
Ritual for Subordinate Castles of the Knights of the Golden Eagle, Supreme Castle (James Young, Baltimore, OH, 1894)
Drill Tactics for the use of Knights of the Golden Eagle: Castles and Commanderies, Supreme Castle (J.W. Boud, Printer, Philadelphia, PA, 1892)
Form of the Funeral Ceremony, Memorial Service, and Dedication Ceremony for Knights of the Golden Eagle, Supreme Castle (James Young, Baltimore, MD, 1909)
Odes and Marches of the Knights of the Golden Eagle, compiled by P.C. Charles W. Waterman (McCarthy & Sterrett, Prs., Phila. PA, 1888)
Correspondence between George W. Carver, Jr., Supreme Master of Records of the KGE and Stanley J. Bransgrove dated August 14, 2001.
Constitution, Rules of Order and Forms of Subordinate Castles of the Knights of the Golden Eagle of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia, PA: 1909)
Knights of the Golden Eagle Emblematic Chart - Lithographs
Our Castle, a members record of degrees with vignettes from the degrees depicted as three floors of the Castle, c. 1890
Ancient Order of United Workmen
Master Workman's Ritual, Supreme Lodge (1895)
Ritual A.O.U.W. of Nebraska, Grand Lodge of Nebraska (The Huse Publishing Co., Norfolk, NB: 1911)
A.O.U.W. Public Ceremonies: Installation, Laying of Corner Memorial Stone, Dedication of Lodge Room, Funeral Service and Memorial Service (1907)
A.O.U.W. Emblematic Charts - Lithographs
Ancient Order of United Workmen Record Membership, J M Vickory Co., Terre Haute, Ind., 1907.
Knights of the Maccabees
Amplified Ritual of the Knights of the Maccabees of the World (Riverside Printing Co., Port Huron, Mich.)
Ritual of the Mystic Circle Degree, Uniform Rank, Knights of the Maccabees of the World (1903)
K.O.T.M. Emblematic Charts - Lithographs
K.O.T.M Degree Team (picture)/Note the Progress of the Maccabees, Form E-21-2-20-24000 (Post Card, 1900)
Knights of the Royal Arch
Collectanea: The Official Transaction of the Grand College of Rites of the United States of America, Volume 9, Part 1: Pantheisticon; Ne Plus Ultra; Ritual of the Golden Circle; Knights of Fidelity; Knights of the Royal Arch: Installation of a Pilgrim; Funeral Services; The Secrets of the Mopses Disclosed (1968)
Good Templars
Ritual for Subordinate Lodges of the Independent Order of Good Templars, Right Worthy Grand Lodge (1887)
Five Standard Rituals: Odd Fellowship Illustrated; Knights of Pythias Illustrated; Good Templarism Illustrated; Exposition of the Grange; Ritual of the Grand Army of the Republic, Ezra A. Cook, Publishers, Chicago, IL, 1880)
Independent Order of Foresters
The Ritual of the Independent Order of Foresters for Subordinate Courts, Supreme Court IOF (1898)
Modern Woodmen of America
Official Ritual of the Modern Woodmen of America, Head Camp W of A, Fourth Revision (1915)
Royal Neighbors of America
Ritual for Local Camps: Royal Neighbors of America, Supreme Camp, RNA (Rock Island, IL, 1963 ed.)
Knights of Columbus
Knights of Columbus: A Complete Ritual and History of the First Three Degrees, ?, (?, c.1914)
Catholic Knights of America
Ritual for the Institution of Members and Order of Business at Meetings of the Catholic Knights of America (1895)
Elks
Ritual of the Subordinate Lodges Under the Jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Grand Lodge (1963)
Loyal Order of Moose
The Story of the Moose: Ritual of the Loyal Order of Moose, Issued by the Ritual Department as Authorized by the Supreme Council (1998)
Ritual of the Loyal Order of Moose (Including Manual of Floor Work), Issued by the Supreme Lodge of the World (1917)
Ritual Loyal Order of Moose (Including Manual of Work), Supreme Lodge of the World, Loyal Order of Moose (1908)
Mooseheart Day Ceremonies (Undated)
Fraternal Order of Eagles
The Rituals of the Fraternal Order of Eagles, Grand Aerie F.O.E. (1949)
Grand Army of the Republic
Five Standard Rituals: Odd Fellowship Illustrated; Knights of Pythias Illustrated; Good Templarism Illustrated; Exposition of the Grange; Ritual of the Grand Army of the Republic, Ezra A. Cook, Publishers, Chicago, IL, 1880)
Improved Order Heptasophs
Ritual of the Improved Order Heptasophs, Supreme Conclave Improved Order Heptasophs (James & Webb Printing Co, Wilmington, DE, 1882)
Tribe of Ben Hur
Court Degree Ritual: Opening and Closing Ceremonies, Amplified Form of Initiation, and Installation Ceremonies, D.W. Gerard (The Ben-Hur Print, 1897)
Tribe of Ben Hur Emblematic Charts - Lithographs
Charter of Muncie Ind. Lodge
National Union
Manual of the National Union, revised and adopted at sixth annual session (Johnson-White Printing Co., Chicago, 1895)
Order of Owls
Ritual of the First Degree, Female Nests, Order of Owls with Installation Ceremonies, Burial Services, Memorial Day Services (Bailey & Elliott Printing Co., South Bend, IN)
Loyal Order of the Golden Heart of the World
Ritual of the First Degree of Male Lodge of the Loyal Order of the Golden Heart of the World (Allied Printing, Columbus, OH)
Sovereigns of Industry
Ritual of the Sovereigns of Industry (West & Lee Game and Printing Co., Worcester, MA: 1875)
Farmers Alliance
Ritual of the Secret Order of the Farmers Alliance of Nebraska (Alliance Publishing Co., Lincoln, NB: 1891)
Homesteaders
Ritual of the Homesteaders: Containing General Information, Opening and Closing Ceremonies, Ceremony of Balloting, Ceremony of Adoption, Installation Ceremony, Order of Business, Diagrams, Etc., Issued from the Supreme Office (Des Moines, Iowa: 1907)
Brotherhood of Railroad Signalmen of America
Ritual of the Brotherhood of Railroad Signalmen of America (Adopted 1908, revised 1930, effective 1931)
History of the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen: With Special Reference to the Life of Alexander F. Whitney, Walter F. McCaleb (Albert & Charles Boni, NY: 1936)
Ritual of the Grand International Auxilary to the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers (Superior Printing Co., Atlanta Georgia, 1953)
Marine Corps League
Ritual of the Marin Corps League, issued by National Headquarters (Albany, NY: 1947)
Order of Ahepa
Secret Ritual Order of Ahepa: Ceremony of Initiation (1969)
International Order of B'nai B'rith
I.O.B.B. Ritual (Max Stern & Co., Chicago, IL: 1905)
B'nai B'rith The Story of a Covenant, Edward E. Grusd (Appleton-Century, NY: 1966)
Independent Order of B'nai B'rith, Memorial to Leo N. Levi (Chicago: Hamburger, 1905)
Sons of Norway
Ritual and Order of Business for Local Lodges of the Sons of Norway (Minneapolis, MN, 1949)
Loyal Orange Institution in the United States
The Orange Degree Initiatory Ceremonies (L.O.I.U.S.)
Royal Arch Purple Marksman Degree Ceremony (L.O.I.U.S.)
Triad Society a.k.a. Sam Hop Wui, Tin Tei Wui, or Hung Mun
Triad Societies in Hong Kong, W.P. Morgan (Government Press, Hong Kong, Second Impression 1982)
Internet Links
Freemasonry
Grand Lodge of California: http://www.freemason.org
Shrine Architecture and Culture by Paul Rich of University of the Americas-Puebla and Hoover Institution, Stanford University: http://mailweb.udlap.mx/~rich/papers/pcaaca99/pcashrine.html
Freemasons have been very active in civic affairs:
http://politicalgraveyard.com/group/masons.html
http://politicalgraveyard.com/group/shriners.html
http://politicalgraveyard.com/group/knights-templar.html
http://politicalgraveyard.com/group/oes.html
Odd Fellows:
History of Odd Fellowship: http://norm28.usc.edu/IOOF/IOOFHistory.html
Many well-known politicians were Odd Fellows: http://politicalgraveyard.com/group/odd-fellows.html
Knights of Pythias
Supreme Grand Lodge: http://www.pythias.org
California Grand Lodge: http://communities.msn.com/GoldenDomain&naventryid=111
This photo was taken in 1908 when the Knights of Pythias were headed up to Santa Rosa for the installation of that group's officers. http://www.ci.sausalito.ca.us/shs/moments/Moment%201992-7-7.htm
Picture of the Knights of Pythias Lodge in Sausalito during the 1920's http://www.ci.sausalito.ca.us/shs/hist-dist/bridgeway/
763-771%20bridgeway.htm
Picture of Perry's Hall under construction in Sausalito: http://www.ci.sausalito.ca.us/shs/moments/Moment%201992-6-16.htm
The Pythian Cave by Josh Laney (illustrated): http://www.siskiyous.edu/class/geog1a/fall1997/pythian.htm
Hall in Newman: http://www.cityofnewman.com/
Many well-known politicians were Pythians: http://politicalgraveyard.com/group/knights-pythias.html
Time line of the American United Life Insurance Company sucessor to the Endowment Rank, http://www.aul.com/corporate/facts.html]
Knights of the Golden Eagle
http://users.erols.com/kgeeaglemiller/knightsofthegoldeneagle.home.html
United Ancient Order of Druids
The International Grand Lodge web site: http://www.igld.org/index.htm
California Grand Grove of Druids (uncertain if the site is genuine): http://www.geocities.com/caldruids/
Improved Order of Red Men
Great Council of the United States: http://www.redmen.org
Kindling a New National Grand Council Fire: Native American Liberty and the U.S.
Constitution:
http://www.ratical.org/many_worlds/6Nations/EoL/chp10.html
Many well-known politicians were Red Men: http://politicalgraveyard.com/group/redmen.html
Patrons of Husbandry
California State Grange: http://www.grange.org/cagrange/index.html
International Order of Good Templars
http://www.iogt-international.org/
Mechanics (Surviving Amalgamation)
Woodmen
http://www.modern-woodmen.org/
Many well-known politicians were woodmen: http://politicalgraveyard.com/group/woodmen.html
Native Sons of the Golden West
Many well-known politicians were Native Sons: http://politicalgraveyard.com/group/native-sons-golden-west.html
Knights of Columbus
Many well-known politicians were members of the Knights of Columbus: http://politicalgraveyard.com/group/knights-columbus.html
California Knights of Columbus: http://www.kofc-california.org/
International Order of the Alhambra:
http://www.orderalhambra.org/home.html
Luso-American/Azorean Fraternal Groups, i.e., Irmandade do Divono Espirito Santo a.k.a. Brotherhood of the Divine Holy Spirit and União Portuguesa do Estado da California a.k.a. The Portuguese Union of the State of California (U.P.E.C)
Biographies of Members demonstrating inter fraternal connections: http://wwwlibrary.csustan.edu/bsantos/sketch2.html
IDES History of the Holy Ghost Societies in California: http://holyghostcalifornia.org
Fraternal Order of Eagles
Many well-known politicians were members of the Eagles: http://politicalgraveyard.com/group/eagles.html
Elks
http://www.elks.org/states/default.cfm
May well-known politicians were members of the Elks: http://politicalgraveyard.com/group/elks.html
Aurum Solis
http://www.aurumsolis.org/
Builders of the Adytum
B.O.T.A.: http://www.bota.org/index.html
Fraternity of the Hidden Light: http://www.lvx.org/index.html
Timeline on Paul Foster Case: http://www.mousetrap.net/~mouse/tarot/txt/case_timeline.txt
Ordo Templi Orientis
The OTO Phenomenon: http://www.cyberlink.ch/~koenig/
The OTO as Clandestine Masonry by C. Gary Ford: http://users.erols.com/solequis/secret_societies/phoneymasonry.htm
Review: O.T.O Rituals and Sex Magick, by Kristin T. Schnider: http://home.sunrise.ch/~prkoenig/kts.htm
OTO Rituals and Study Guides: http://www.illuminati.nl/oto/rituals_index.asp
and/or
http://paradox.xs4all.nl/reflection/crowley/rituals.html
U.S. Grand Lodge, Ordo Templi Orientis:
http://www.oto-usa.org/
General
"Researching Grandfather's Secrets: Rummaging in the Odd Fellow and Masonic Attics," Paul Rich of University of the Americas-Puebla and Hoover Institution, Stanford University: http://mailweb.udlap.mx/~rich/papers/grandfathers_secrets.html
"The Rise and Fall of Fraternal Insurance Organizations," Humane Studies Review, Leslie Siddeley See, http://mason.gmu.edu/~ihs/s92essay.html
Last Rites of Graying Fraternities: http://www.metroactive.com/papers/sonoma/01.25.96/mason-9604.html
Uniform Ranks of fraternal organizations, i.e., Knights Templar, Soldiers of Woodcraft, etc., have been treated with more respect by legislators than the modern militia movement: Gonzaga Law Review, 32 (1996 / 1997): 523, "An Ounce of Prevention: The Constitutionality of State AntiI-Militia Laws," Ellen M. Bowden and Morris S. Dees, http://www.saf.org/LawReviews/BowdenAndDees.htm
A Brief History of the Community Mausoleum, including fraternal organization's crypts, http://www.daddezio.com/cemetery/articles/mausoleum.html
Dr Bob James historical research highlights the neglect by many historians of the origins of Trade Unions as part of a broader movement of benefit societies, which includes Freemasons, Odd Fellows, Friendly Societies and Fraternal organizations. http://www.takver.com/history/indexlnk.htm or http://www.takver.com/history/index.htm
Open Directory - Portal to Fraternal sites: http://www.tranquileye.com/pod/index.cgi/Society/Organizations/Fraternal/
Fraternal World - Portal to Fraternal sites: http://www.fratworld.org/
National Coalition of Free Men
National Fraternal Congress of America
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